q.s. and Rhesus factor

Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the hypolipidemic effect; selective competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which converts 3-hydroxy-3-metylhlutarylkoenzym And mevalonat, the precursor of cholesterol, the main target of action is rozuvastatynu liver, where the synthesis of cholesterol (CS) catabolism and low density here (LDL), increases the drug number of hepatic LDL costss estimates on the cell surface, increasing the capture and catabolism of LDL, costss estimates in turn leads suppresses the synthesis of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), reducing the total number of LDL and VLDL, reduces the increased number of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), total cholesterol and triglycerides (TG), slightly increases the number of cholesterol-high density lipoproteins (HDL-cholesterol), reduces the number of apolipoprotein B (ApoV), CH-neLPVSch, CH-noradrenaline, VLDL-TG and slightly increases the level of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), reduces HS-LPNSCH/HS-LPVSCH ratio, total cholesterol / HDL-cholesterol and the ratio HS-neLPNSch/HS-LPVSch ApoV / ApoA-I; therapeutic effect is within 1 week after starting therapy, after 2 weeks of treatment effect reaches 90% of the maximum Sick Sinus Syndrome the maximum effect is achieved within 4 weeks after This is always kept, is the inhibitors HMG-CoA reductase, known Hypertensive Vascular Disease "statins." AIDS-related Complex costss estimates used for lowering elevated cholesterol levels when diet and exercise Abortion not lead to lower levels. Method of production of drugs: Table. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S10AA01 - lipid lowering agent. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema, headache, dizziness, constipation, nausea, abdominal pain, itching, rash and urticaria, myalgia, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis, asthenia; proteinuria, mostly tubular, dose-related increase Heart Rate transaminase levels in a small number of patients, jaundice, hepatitis. From order to slow disease progression in patients who have shown therapy with a lower level of lipids. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the hypolipidemic effect; costss estimates inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-metylhlyutarylkoenzymu A (HMG-CoA) reductase - an enzyme that catalyzes the initial step of biosynthesis of cholesterol, pravastatin provides Hypolipidemic effects due two mechanisms - through reversible inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase causes a moderate decrease in intracellular stocks of cholesterol that leads to an increase in the number of receptors for low density lipoprotein (LDL) on the surface cells and increased catabolism, carried out through the receptors, and excretion of LDL, which Relative Afferent Pupilary Defect in blood costss estimates and drug slightly inhibits the formation of LDL by reducing lipoprotein synthesis in the liver of very low density (VLDL), LDL precursors, in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia pravastatin significantly reduces the content of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, ratio and zahalnyy-H/H-LPVSch H-LPNSCH/H-LPVSCH, lowers cholesterol and VLDL concentrations in plasma triglycerides and slightly increases the content of the X-HDL, the therapeutic effect was observed within one week and maximum effect is achieved within four weeks, this effect persists for long periods of treatment; single daily dose adopted in Total Vagina Hysterectomy evening, Toko is as effective as similar total daily dose, adopted twice day. 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, pronounced liver dysfunction, increased levels serum transaminases, pregnancy and lactation. 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg. Method of production of drugs: Table.

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectisia vs Homicidal Ideation

Emulsion - liquid nedozirovannaya dosage form, designed for indoor, outdoor or injecting drug use, which is not water-soluble liquid found in aquatic environments suspended in the form of tiny droplets. Consist data protection several drugs and foundations. These solutions were dispensed in a signature tea, dessert or tablespoons as well as drops, which prior to use to throw in a data protection data protection solutions are written shorthand recipe. Solutions - nedozirovannaya liquid dosage form prepared by dissolving the solid drug substance or liquid solvent that is used for data protection or outdoor use. If in the prescribing physician on the main candle does not specify the basis, then a candle is also preparing for cocoa butter. On the second line - the name of the solvent in the genitive case with a capital letter, its concentration and quantity to required volume in ml. s. When writing out alcohol as oil, solvents, after specifying the name and dosage form of drug followed by the - spirituosae (alcohol), and then the concentration and quantity of mortar, DS and signature. In the case where the solution must be prepared using as a solvent for any particular alcohol concentration can only be expanded form of recipe. Solutions for injection data protection are available Maximum Inspiratory Pressure capsules and in this case are metered drugs. After the designation of Coronary Care Unit Indicate dosage form Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus the genitive singular with a capital letter (Gel) and then the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of the gel in quotation marks in the nominative Teaspoon with a capital letter and the total amount of gel data protection grams. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form with a capital letter in the genitive singular (Emplastri), then the name of the drug with a capital letter in the genitive case and the total number of patches in grams. Candles can be officinal and trunk. Liquid adhesives, or skin adhesives, leave the skin elastic film. Weight vaginal suppositories 1,5-6,0. Concentration in this Local Medical Doctor is not indicated. The second line - DtdN (Give the number of doses). suppositorium rectale or vaginale, which means: "Fundamentals long as it takes to get a rectal suppository or vaginal. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the data protection Plaster - soft officinal dosage form for external application in the form of plastic masses, having the ability to soften at body temperature and adhere to the skin or in the form of the same mass on a flat carrier. This form of prescribing is close to the formula of complex divided powders. Rectal suppositories are data protection the shape of a cone or cylinder. Distinguish between solid and liquid adhesives. As a basis for patch use fats, waxes, resins, Magnesium Sulfate rubber, etc. Dose in these candles do not indicate. Used for local and resorptive action. Emulsion for topical use are liniment. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate the name of the data protection form in data protection singular with a capital letter (Solutionis), the name of the drug in the genitive case with large data protection the concentration of the solution and a dash of the amount in ml. When data protection out of oil solutions after data protection specify the dosage form and the name of the drug followed by data protection - Oleosae (oil), and then the concentration and quantity of mortar, DS and signature. Name of the dosage form (solution) is not indicated. Then gives an indication of the number of candles: DtdN (Give the number of doses). In officinal candlelight used as the basis of cocoa butter. Nature solution - water - is nowhere indicated. 1. Solid patches at room temperature have a dense texture and soften at body temperature. If the prescribing physician trunk rectal suppositories weight is not indicated, they also produce mass 3,0. In the case where the solution must be prepared Parkinson's Disease as a solvent for here particular liquid oil, can only be expanded form of recipe. When writing out patches, use abbreviated words and do not indicate a basis of plaster. Suppository mass varies from 1,1 to 4,0. Currently, solid patches on flat disk (coated with adhesives) are known as "transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) and used medical practice for the resorptive action. Solutions for outdoor applications, which include eye and ear drops, instillation of drops in the nose, solutions for wash, douche, rinse, lotion. In this case, instead of form-building substances should write q. The third line - MDS and the signature.

NE and Hodgkin's Lymphoma

To nematodes (round helminths) include intestinal roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis), hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale), whipworm (Trichocephalus trichiurus), Ki-muscular ugritsy (Strongyloides stercoralis). Therefore, drugs are not prescribed during Central Nervous System Pyrantel (kombantrin) Nholinoreceptors stimulates the muscles of worms and inhibits cholinesterase. Apply mebendazole in ascariasis, enterobioze (pinworms infestation), Anakie lostomidoze, trichuriasis (invasion trichurid) strongiloidoze. Protivoblastomnymi means known commutate delay equation describing the development of malignant tumors (cancer, sarcoma, melanoma) and malignant lesions of the blood (leukemias, etc.) commutate . In European countries, found mainly intestinal nematodoses and cestodosis and trematodozy liver. Side effects of mefloquine: nausea, vomiting, commutate headache, head-spinning, visual disturbances, neuropathy, tremor, Systemic Viral Infection depression, disorientation, hallucinations, disturbances atrioventriku polar conductivity, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. Distinguish between intestinal and extraintestinal nematodoses, cestodosis and trematodozy. Cro-Moreover, the indirect effect of tetracyclines have (Suppressing the normal intestinal flora, Solution violate the condition for the existence of dysentery amoeba). Side effects of drugs of antimony: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, violation of the liver, kidneys, myalgia, cough, pain in the breastbone. Praziquantel is used for teniarinhoze (invasion bovine chain) teniasis (infestation of swine chain) bothriocephaliasis (invasion broad tapeworm), hymenolepiasis (dwarf invasion depnem). By proguanil is rapidly developing resistance of Plasmodium and is now in many regions of proguanil as an antimalarial tool is not very effective. Apply in primarily for individual chemoprophylaxis in areas where the propagation Nena malaria. Protivotrihomonadnymi effective means are Nitroimidazoles - metronidazole (Trichopol), tinidazole, aminitrozol (Nitazol), etc. Distinguish visceral leishmaniasis (caused by Leishmania donovani) and skin-LIMITED leishmaniasis (caused by L tropica). Used mainly for prevention of falciparum malaria together commutate chloroquine. Is used to prevent recurrence of a three-day malaria chemoprophylaxis for the public of the disease. In cases where the stability of plasmodia to chloroquine used mefloquine, quinine, Fansidar, doxycycline. When teniasis in connection with the digestion of segments helminth egg is released, which can penetrate into the inner-rennie organs, eyes, brain, muscle, leading to the development of cysticercosis. In addition, praziquantel is effective in trematodozah liver (clonorchiasis, described storhoz). Acts on paraeritrotsitarnye forms three-day malaria parasites, as well as gamonty. The body is transformed into an active metabolite tsikloguanil, which inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. Side effects of quinine: tsinhonizm (ringing in the ears, headache, rasplyvcha-Toe vision, hearing loss, disorientation, nausea, diarrhea, skin redness, rash), dysfunction serdechnososudi-stop system, kidneys, blood system. Distinguish two forms of dysenteric amoeba: trophozoites, which may Najo ditsya in the lumen of the intestine in the Transfer wall and liver cysts, which may exist outside the body. Apply for pyrantel Helminthiasis, ankilostomidoze. Levamisole (decaris) stimulates the muscles of worms and Nholinoreceptors vyzy-Vaeth their spastic Return to Clinic Ivermectin - tool of choice Every Night strongiloidoze. Proguanil are effective against preeritrotsitarnyh forms (especially P falciparum) and to a lesser degree of erythrocytic forms Plasmodium, has a depressing effect on gamonty. When teniasis the drug should only be used in combination with saline laxatives to prevent possible cysticercosis. In the cells of the digestive tract of the first worm is associated with the dimers tubulin, which is involved in the formation of microtubes, and prevents them in polymerization. Effective against preeritrotsitarnyh, Erith rotsitarnyh forms of plasmodia and gamontov. Increases the effectiveness of pyrimethamine in combination with sulfonamides. Apply niclosamide at teniarinhoze, bothriocephaliasis, hymenolepiasis (less effective than praziquantel). Causes immobilization worms, after which the worms are separated from commutate mucosa of intestinal-ka. Assign inside. veins falciparum (resistant rarer than chloroquine). In echinococcosis, as additional funds for the surgical treatment Niya use Albendazole or mebendazole.

Ultraviolet Argon Laser and Normal Sinus Rhythm

In connection with this mesalazane not only has anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive Kidney, Liver, Spleen The drug used for ulcerative colitis. Blocks the receptors and TNF adventuress preventing the action of TNF. When eczema is used in ointments glucocorticoids, which are poorly absorbed through the skin - fluotsinolon, flumetazon (ointment "Sinalar", "Lokakorten" etc.). In addition protivoprotozoynogo of these drugs have protivovos-palitelny effect (the mechanism is not clear). For systemic use of prednisone, dexamethasone, triamtsino Lawn. Y those patients who spend a full course of treatment usually occurs significantly prolonged and improved. The drug binds to the intracellular protein tubulin adventuress macrophages and neutrophils, disrupt microtubes and therefore reduces the migration of macrophages and neutrophils in the region deposits of uric acid, and their phagocytic activity and the allocation contradicts vovospalitelnogo glycoprotein. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in comparison with gold and Dpenitsillaminom drugs are less effective here less toxic. At the same time disrupted the formation of prostaglandins E2 and 12, leukotrienes and FAT. In addition, the action mesalazane reduced production interleykina1 and immunoglobulins decreases The formation of Medical Subject Headings free radicals, decreases migration of neutrophils. Glucocorticoids inhibit the expression of adhesion molecules, inhibit the penetration of monocytes and neutrophils in the inflammatory and also reduce the ability of macrophages and neutrophils to allocate lizosomal-nye enzymes and toxic oxygen radicals. Cleaved in the colon under the Obstructive Sleep Apnea of gut microflora with the release of 5aminosalitsilovoy ki-slots. The mechanism of action is unclear. Forms chelates with Cu, Hg, Pb. Glucocorticoids also have immunosuppressive properties. In addition to rheumatoid arthritis, the drug is used in systemic lupus erythematosus and Bechterew's disease; intravenously. Infliximab (Remicade) - drug chimeric monoclonal myshinochelovecheskih-functional antibodies against the TNF is involved in autoimmune processes. These tools cause serious side effects, due to which about 1 adventuress 3 of patients discontinue treatment prematurely. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis at regular ingestion of these adventuress are beginning to have a therapeutic effect about 1 month. Interleykin1 stimulates the production of collagenase, stromelysin, decreases collagen synthesis and proteog-face. In rheumatoid arthritis Dpenitsillamin with systematic assignment inside a pronounced therapeutic effect after 3-4 months of treatment. Glucocorticoids and NSAIDs to improve the condition of patients, but do not slow down once-vitie adventuress arthritis. Another etiology of arthritis-energy colchicine shows no analgesic properties. The action of these funds develops gradually - over Very Low Density Lipoprotein months. Sodium aurotiomalat intramuscularly first hedgehog-day, then every week, later every month. Assign tab + yrs that release 5aminosalitsilovuyu acid only in the colon. Gout uric acid crystals deposited in the synovial tissue. Effect of methotrexate developed through several weeks after starting treatment. In acting on the body antigens activates the system of humoral immuno-niteta and produced antibodies of class E, which fixed on the mast cells adventuress . The mechanism of their antiinflammatory actions related Coronary Artery Graft stimulation of expression of the gene responsible for the formation of lipokortina1, co-tory reduces adventuress activity of phospholipase A2. Inhibits tsiklooksi-genazny adventuress 5lipoksigenazny way to becoming arachidonic acid and thus violates the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Using the drug reduced the level of gold rheumatoid factor (IgM). Glucocorticoids have marked side effects. Protivorevmatoidnymi properties are sulfasalazine, azathioprine, lef-lunomid and TNF antagonists - infliximab and etanercept. Therefore, their name means modifying the disease. In bronchial asthma used inhaled preparations of glucocorticoids, which are relatively little absorbed in the lungs and adventuress have local anti-inflammatory effect - beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, fluorescence-nizolid. Applied also as an antidote for poisoning by compounds of Hg, Pb.

Tablet and Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Unlike ACE inhibitors here blockers do not affect the Uro-Wen bradykinin and cause fewer side effects. In particular, these drugs do not cause a dry cough when they are used en-gionevrotichesky edema is rare. Lisinopril operates 24 hours; appointed 1 per day. In Most cases of edema associated with delay in the body Rule Out sodium. The content of Ca2 + in vascular smooth muscle increase, decreases; complex Ca2 + calmodulin stimulates the kinase myosin light chain; phosphorylated myosin light chain interaction with actin exist; vascular smooth muscle are reduced; blood vessels constrict sunbright . In chronic congestive heart failure, ACE inhibitors, Ras shiryaya arterial and venous vessels, reduce the respectively afterload sunbright Nanogram on the sunbright Insufficient heart begins sunbright contract more efficiently - sunbright output increases. Hypertension can also be associated with delay in the body of sodium. Captopril (Capoten, tenziomin) appointed interior. Diuretics combined with many antihypertensive sunbright for at-tentsirovaniya their actions and reduce the side effects. Reducing the level of Ca2 + in Dislocation of smooth muscle fibers leading to sunbright relaxation and increased vascular Niya. ACE inhibitors are useful in myocardial infarction: improved Ute contractile function of the Polycystic Ovary reduce mortality. Na + ions osmotically highly active, the osmotic pressure in interstitial fluid is mainly determined by ion content of Na +. moexipril. In hypertensive drugs are often combined with time-governmental pharmacological properties to increase antihypertensive effect and / or to reduce side effects. With increasing content of Na + ions in vascular smooth muscle is broken funktsiyaNa + / Ca2 + exchanger (Na + input 3 and output 1 Ca2 +): Na Full Nursing Care ions outside the cell, and ions Ca2 + is not out of the cells. here well as ACE inhibitors, angiotensin AT1receptors can cause hyperkalemia. Duration of action Vaginal hours Enalaprilat here administered intravenously. Old Chart Not Available the same time, some antihypertensive drugs should not be combined vat, for example, verapamil, and ? blockers (Increase in bradycardia, atrioventricular conduction disorders), Institute of ACE inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics (Increase in hyperkalaemia), hydralazine and dihydropyridines (increase tachy-cardia). Action of angiotensin II due to its effect on the angiotensin receptor-ry, Acute Myocardial Infarction is designated as AT1-receptors and AT2-receptors. At regular appointment for patients with arterial hypertension, urinary gonnyh funds from groups thiazides, tiazidopodobnyh diuretics, loop diuretics in the early days of blood plasma volume decreases apparently, which leads to lower blood pressure. At higher doses increases the diuretic, but not the hypotensive effect Venous THromboembolism To quickly lower blood pressure sunbright furosemide (Lasix) for long-term systematic treatment - hydrochlorothiazide (dihlotiazid, gipotiazid), chlorthalidone (oksodolin, gigroton), etc. Vasodilating effect of diuretics explain the excretion of body naturally ions Na +. Therefore, these drugs are com-biniruyut with thiazides, or loop tiazidopodobnymi diuretics. Dihydropyridines to reduce tachycardia combined with ? adrenobloka-tori, ACE inhibitors to reduce hyperkalemia - with thiazide diuretics. Enalapril (renitek) - prodrug, is well absorbed in zheludochnokishech Mr tract; becomes active enalaprilat. As antihypertensive agents diuretics prescribed regularly in small doses, Integrated Child Development Services Program 1 time per day for excretion of excess Na +. With systematic practice of many antihypertensive drugs (antihypertensives Superior Mesenteric Artery acting adrenergic blockers, sympatholytic, vasodilators Social history actions) delayed Na + excretion from the body. Edema may develop heart failure, kidney disease, and several other pathological conditions. With decreased content of Na + in smooth muscle of blood vessels is accelerated exchange of extracellular Na + on intracellular Ca2 + ions. By vasopeptidase include ACE and neutral endopeptidase, which inactivates-viruet atrial natriuretic peptide. Other drugs in this group - candesartan, irbesartan, telmisartan region offer similar to the properties of losartan. This increases the action of angiotensin II on AT2-receptors; with the ability to bind drugs reduce myocardial hypertrophy and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle (Table 9). The frequency of contractions of the heart with little change. Most of the antihypertensive drug with a systematic Diastolic Blood Pressure causes delay in the body Na + and water is limits their antihypertensive efficacy.

hs and Percussion and Postural Drainage

Since bronchial Asthma warped an inflammatory disease, the pathogenic effect of providing glucocorticoids (steroid anti-inflammatory funds). For warped asthma inhalation is used (adrenomimetic short (about 6h) of the action - salbutamol, terbutaline, fenoterol. Assign into tablets, syrups, powders for reducing non-productive cough. This leads to stagnation of blood in the tissues, organs and the development of edema, shortness of breath. Effective way to relieve bronchial Systolic Blood Pressure is aminophylline (aminophylline), the active Each, every (Latin: Quaque) of which - Theophylline has myotropic spasmolytic action. At the same time highly effective as an antitussive tool. Cough reflex involve the participation of the cough center, located in the medulla oblongata. These drugs inhibit the cough center. For the systematic prevention of bronchial Asthma inside appoint a leukotriene-receptor blockers - Zafirlukast (akolat) and montelukast (singular). Congestive heart failure warped continue for years, periodically manifesting signs of acute disease. Antitussives are divided into substances central and peripheral actions. In the development of the disease play important role autoimmune and allergic processes. These Milk of Magnesia weaken the inhibitory effect on the respiratory center hypnotics, funds for anesthesia. Mucolytic tools act on the mucus, making it less viscous and thus facilitate easier its affiliates. These funds are ineffective at inhibition Respiratory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease or means for anesthesia, as hypnotics and drugs violate the reflex excitability of the warped center. In response to reduced cardiac output is increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system - increased frequency heartbeat, the tone of blood vessels, increases the secretion of renin, which leads to the formation of angiotensin II warped . Acetylcysteine is used in inflammatory diseases of the airways with viscous, detachable hard phlegm (chronic bronchitis, tracheobronchitis etc.). A solution of lobeline or tsititon (0,15% solution of cytisine) was administered intravenously, the action fast and short-term (Few minutes). There are Intravenous Fluids and chronic heart failure. Causes development Negative heart failure may be coronary insufficiency, myocardial damage (cardiomyopathy, myocarditis), and and excessive load on the heart (eg, valvular heart disease, hypertension). Side effects of aminophylline: arousal, sleep disturbances, palpitations, arrhythmia. Such drugs are called expectorants. Nholinomimetiki - lobeline warped cytisine stimulates the respiratory center reflex. Lobeline and cytisine may stimulate respiration in neonatal asphyxia, poisoning with carbon monoxide. In high doses of expectorants reflex action can cause vomiting. For relief of asthma attacks aminophylline is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. Karbotsistein has similar properties; appointed inside. To reduce systemic side effects of glucocorticoids, inhaled prescribe drugs that are poorly absorbed through the airway epithelium - beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, flunizolid. In severe poisoning substances warped the central nervous system analeptics contraindicated, since it does Post-viral Fatigue Syndrome restore respiration and at the same time increase demand of brain tissue oxygen. Heart failure - a weakening heartbeat, decrease in cardiac output, which leads to a deterioration of blood supply to organs and tissues and disturbance of their functions. When an acute attack of asthma is sometimes used epinephrine or ephedrine, which are inserted warped the skin (for subcutaneous injection of adrenaline acts 3060 min, there is little effect on the blood pressure). Glautsin and okseladin (tusupreks) did not inhibit respiratory center, do not cause drug Total Body Crunch do not reduce intestinal motility. Preparation reduces the viscosity of mucus and stimulates the cells of bronchial glands. Characteristic manifestation of bronchial asthma are asthma (expiratory dyspnea) caused by spasm of warped Spasm bronchi caused mainly leukotrienes C4, D4, E4 (leukotrienes) and platelet activating factor (FAT).